Comparative outcomes of exposing human liver and kidney cell lines to tungstate and molybdate

Tungsten has no known function in humans and is a relatively new contaminant, whereas molybdenum, its congener the periodic table, nutritionally essential element. In addition to early studies on molybdosis ruminants, their toxic effects form of tungstate molybdate have been addressed primarily rodents are predominantly mediated by inducing oxidative stress various tissues. The purpose this study was evaluate differences between human liver (HepG2) kidney (HEK293) cell lines terms retention cells, effect reactive oxygen species, activities xanthine oxidase phosphatases. were exposed or (1 µM 10 mM) for 24 h, lysed analyzed above biochemical parameters. Despite chemical similarity two anions, cell-specific differential observed. At all concentrations, retained more HEK293 cells while HepG2 cells. sensitive than molybdate, showing reduced viability at concentrations as low µM. Exposure either anion resulted inhibition protein tyrosine phosphatases 1 mM an increased production species (ROS) 100 despite ROS-producing molybdenum enzyme oxidase. conclusion, results indicate that excess non-essential causes toxicity affecting ROS- phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathways ensuing gene expression.